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| Targeted Industry: Diamond industry (standards apply to governments) Stated Aim: “To stem the flow of conflict diamonds—rough diamonds used by rebel movements to finance wars against legitimate governments.” (Kimberley Process Certification Scheme Tagline) Historical context: Civil society campaigns regarding the trade in conflict diamonds led to UN resolutions and political attention on the issue. Year Launched: 2003 Method of Operation: KPCS regulates national trade of diamonds by requiring certification of diamonds as conflict free. Member countries can only trade certified diamonds. Monitored Entities: Governments Examples of Relevant Rights-holders: Miners, particularly smallholders and artisanal miners; individuals living in mining communities and near diamond trading centers Membership (as of December 31, 2013): Governments (76), civil society organizations (11), industry organization (1) |